What are Core Web Vitals?
Core Web Vitals are a set of specific user experience metrics defined by Google that measure the loading performance, interactivity, and visual stability of a web page. The three metrics are Largest Contentful Paint (LCP), Interaction to Next Paint (INP), and Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS).
How Does Core Web Vitals Work?
LCP measures loading performance by tracking when the largest content element (usually a hero image or heading) becomes visible, with a good score being under 2.5 seconds. INP measures responsiveness by tracking the delay between user interactions and visual updates, with a good score being under 200 milliseconds. CLS measures visual stability by quantifying unexpected layout shifts, with a good score being under 0.1.
Core Web Vitals are a confirmed Google ranking factor, meaning they directly affect your search engine position. Improving these metrics requires a combination of server optimization (fast hosting, CDN, caching), code optimization (minification, efficient JavaScript), asset optimization (compressed images, lazy loading), and careful layout design (explicit dimensions for media, stable layouts). Tools like Google PageSpeed Insights, Lighthouse, and the Chrome User Experience Report help measure and monitor these metrics.
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